Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and CollegesMachine readable text

Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges
Edited by: J. B. Greenough
G. L. Kittredge
A. A. Howard
Benj. L. D'Ooge

Perseus Documents Collection Table of Contents

PART FIRSTWORDS AND FORMS
   THE ALPHABET
   ORTHOGRAPHY
   THE PARTS OF SPEECH
   INFLECTION
   GENDER
   NUMBER AND CASE
   DECLENSION OF NOUNS
   FIRST DECLENSION (-STEMS)
   SECOND DECLENSION (o-STEMS)
   THIRD DECLENSION (CONSONANT AND i-STEMS)
   FOURTH DECLENSION
   FIFTH DECLENSION (-STEMS)
   DEFECTIVE NOUNS
   VARIABLE NOUNS
   NAMES OF PERSONS
   ADJECTIVES
   FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS (- AND o-STEMS)
   THIRD DECLENSION (CONSONANT AND i-STEMS)
   COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
   NUMERALS
   PRONOUNS
   VERBS: CONJUGATION OF THE VERB
   SIGNIFICATION OF THE FORMS OF THE VERB
   PERSONAL ENDINGS
   FORMS OF THE VERB
   The Four Conjugations
   Forms of Conjugation
   PARTICLES
   CONJUNCTIONS
   FORMATION OF WORDS
   COMPOUND WORDS

PART SECONDSYNTAX
   INTRODUCTORY NOTE
   THE SENTENCE
   AGREEMENT OF ADJECTIVES
   PRONOUNS
   VERBS
   PARTICLES
   CONJUNCTIONS
   QUESTIONS
   CONSTRUCTION OF CASES
   SYNTAX OF THE VERB
   SUBSTANTIVE CLAUSES
   INDIRECT DISCOURSE
   IMPORTANT RULES OF SYNTAX
   ORDER OF WORDS

PROSODY
   QUANTITY
   RHYTHM
   VERSIFICATION
   FORMS OF VERSE
   MISCELLANEOUS
   GLOSSARY: OF TERMS USED IN GRAMMAR, RHETORIC, AND PROSODY

Funded by The Annenberg CPB/Project

PART FIRSTWORDS AND FORMS

FIFTH DECLENSION (-STEMS)

[95]

The Stem of nouns of the Fifth Declension ends in -, which appears in all the cases. The Nominative is formed from the stem by adding s.

[96]

Nouns of the Fifth Declension are declined as follows:

rs, F., thing dis, M., day fids, F., faith

STEM r- STEM di- STEM fid-

SINGULAR

CASE-ENDINGS

NOM. rs dis fids -s

GEN. r di (di) fid - (-)

DAT. r di (di) fid - (-)

ACC. rem diem fidem -em

ABL. r di fid -

PLURAL

NOM. rs dis -s

GEN. rrum dirum -rum

DAT. rbus dibus -bus

ACC. rs dis s

ABL. rbus dibus -bus

NOTE.The of the stem is shortened in the genitive and dative singular of fids, sps, rs, but in these it is found long in early Latin. In the accusative singular e is always short.

[p. 40]

Gender in the Fifth Declension

All nouns of the Fifth Declension are Feminine, except dis (usually M.), day, and merdis (M.), noon.

Dis is sometimes feminine in the singular, especially in phrases indicating a fixed time, and regularly feminine when used of time in general: as, cnstitt di, on a set day; longa dis, a long time.

Case-Forms in the Fifth Declension

The following peculiarities require notice:

Of nouns of the fifth declension, only dis and rs are declined throughout. Most want the plural, which is, however, found in the nominative or accusative in acis, effigis, luvis, facis, glacis, seris, specis, sps. ⁴⁸

The Locative form of this declension ends in -. It is found only in certain adverbs and expressions of time:

hodi, to-day; di qurt (old, qurt), the fourth day;

perendi, day after to-morrow; prdi, the day before.

The fifth declension is closely related to the first, and several nouns have forms of both: as, mteria, -is; saevitia, -is. The genitive and dative in - are rarely found in these words.

Some nouns vary between the fifth and the third declension: as, requis, satis (also satis, genitive -tis), plbs (also plbs, genitive plbis), fams, genitive famis, ablative fam.

NOTE.In the genitive and dative - (-) was sometimes contracted into -ei: as, tribnus plbei, tribune of the people (plbs). Genitives in - and - also occur: as, di (Aen. 1.636), plb-sctum, aci (B. G. 2.23). A few examples of the old genitive in -s are found (cf. -s in the first declension, 43. b). The dative has rarely -, and a form in - is cited.