LESSON 9: O-Declension (continued).
Declension of the Definite Article
81. Learn the declension of the definite article.
The
vocative does not occur. Greek, like Latin, has no indefinite
article.
| ὁ, ἡ, τό. (Masculine Definite Article) |
|---|
| Masculine Nominative Singular | ὁ |
| Masculine Genitive Singular | τοῦ |
| Masculine Dative Singular | τῷ |
| Masculine Accusative Singular | τόν |
| Masculine Nominative and Accusative Dual | τώ |
| Masculine Genitive and Dative Dual | τοῖν |
| Masculine Nominative Plural | οἱ |
| Masculine Genitive Plural | τῶν |
| Masculine Dative Plural | τοῖς |
| Masculine Accusative Plural | τούς |
| ὁ, ἡ, τό. (Feminine Definite Article) |
|---|
| Feminine Nominative Singular | ἡ |
| Feminine Genitive Singular | τῆς |
| Feminine Dative Singular | τῇ |
| Feminine Accusative Singular | τήν |
| Feminine Nominative and Accusative Dual | τώ |
| Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | τοῖν |
| Feminine Nominative Plural | αἱ |
| Feminine Genitive Plural | τῶν |
| Feminine Dative Plural | ταῖς |
| Feminine Accusative Plural | τάς |
| ὁ, ἡ, τό. (Neuter Definite Article) |
|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | τό |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | τοῦ |
| Neuter Dative Singular | τῷ |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | τό |
| Neuter Nominative and Accusative Dual | τώ |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | τοῖν |
| Neuter Nominative Plural | τά |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | τῶν |
| Neuter Dative Plural | τοῖς |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | τά |
82.ADDITIONAL PARADIGMS.
| οῖνος, ὁ (Wine) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | οἶνος |
| Genitive Singular | οἴνου |
| Dative Singular | οἴνῳ |
| Accusative Singular | οἶνον |
| Vocative Singular | οἶνε |
| Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | οἴνω |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | οἴνοιν |
| Nominative and Vocative Plural | οἶνοι |
| Genitive Plural | οἴνων |
| Dative Plural | οἴνοις |
| Accusative Plural | οἴνους |
| ἡ στενὴ ὁδός (The Narrow Road) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | ἡ στενὴ ὁδός |
| Genitive Singular | τῆς στενῆς ὁδοῦ |
| Dative Singular | τῇ στενῇ ὁδῷ |
| Accusative Singular | τὴν στενὴν ὁδόν |
| Vocative Singular | στενὴ ὁδέ |
| Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | τὼ στενὰ ὁδώ |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | τοῖν στεναῖν ὁδοῖν |
| Nominative and Vocative Plural | αἱ στεναὶ ὁδοί |
| Genitive Plural | τῶν στενῶν ὁδῶν |
| Dative Plural | ταῖς στεναῖς ὁδοῖς |
| Accusative Plural | τὰς στενὰς ὁδούς |
| πλοῖον μακρόν (A Long Boat) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | πλοῖον μακρόν |
| Genitive Singular | πλοίου μακροῦ |
| Dative Singular | πλοίῳ μακρῷ |
| Accusative Singular | πλοῖον μακρόν |
| Vocative Singular | πλοῖον μακρόν |
| Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | πλοίω μακρώ |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | πλοίοιν μακροῖν |
| Nominative and Vocative Plural | πλοῖα μακρά |
| Genitive Plural | πλοίων μακρῶν |
| Dative Plural | πλοίοις μακροῖς |
| Accusative Plural | πλοῖα μακρά |
a. Adjectives agree with their nouns not only in case and number but
also in gender. See the Rule of Syntax in 805. The adjective, therefore,
may be of the A-Declension while the noun is of the O-Declension,
as in ἡ στενὴ ὁδός above.
b. A postpositive word is one which is never placed first in its sentence,
but generally second.
83. VOCABULARY.
| Κῦρος, ου, ὁ | Cyrus. |
| ὁδός, οῦ, ἡ | road, way. |
| οἷνος, ου, ὁ | wine |
| ποταμός, οῦ, ὁ | river. |
| στρατηγός, οῦ, ὁ | general. |
| φανερός, ά, όν | adj., in plain sight, visible, evident. |
| θηρίον, ου, τό | wild beast. |
| ὅπλον, ου, τό | implement, Plur.arms.. |
| πλοῖον, ου, τό | boat.. |
| τόξον, ου, τό | bow.. |
| ὁ, ἡ, τό | the def. art., the. |
| ὦ | interj. with voc., O. |
| δέ | conj., but, and (a postpositive). |
84. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. στενὴ ἡ ὁδός. |
| 2. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦν1 θηρία. |
| 3. τὰ πλοῖα μακρὰ ἦν.1 |
| 4. ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ ἦν ὁ στρατηγός. |
| 5. τόξα δέ, ὦ Κῦρε, οὐκ ἔχομεν. |
| 6. ὁδὸς φανερὸς ἄγει εἰς τὰς τοῦ Κύρου κώμᾱς. |
| 7. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ὁ στρατηγὸς ἔπεμπε τοὺς ἵππους. |
| 8. τῷ στρατηγῷ οἶνον Κῦρος ἔπεμπε. |
| 9. ἡ ὁδός, ὦ Κῦρε, ἄγει εἰς πεδίον καλόν. |
| 10. ἦγον οἱ ἵπποι καὶ τοὺς στρατηγοὺς καὶ τὰ ὅπλα. |
NOTES.—1 A neuter Plural subject in Greek regularly has its verb in
the singular. See the Rule of Syntax in 802.—2 πλοῖα μακρά. Cf. Latin.
nᾱyuēs longae..
REVIEW AND PRACTICE:
