LESSON LXXIV: Regular Verbs in MI, τίθημι.
Regular Verbs in MI
689. Some verbs form the present and second aorist systems
by adding the personal endings directly to the verb stem,
omitting the tense suffix ο/ε (135, 606), except in the subjunctive.
In these verbs, therefore, the present and second aorist stems
are the simple verb stem, which is, however, often reduplicated
with ι in the present system.
690. Compare the following forms of the present indicative active of
τί-θη-μι (θε), place, put, with those of λύω (λῡ), loose:
Comparison of τί-θη-μι (θε) and λύω (λῡ), loose: |
1st Person Singular | τί-θη-μι | λύω |
2nd Person Singular | τί-θη-ς | λύεις |
3rd Person Singular | τί-θη-σι | λύει |
2nd Person Dual | τί-θε-τον | λύε-τον |
3rd Person Dual | τί-θε-τον | λύε-τον |
1st Person Plural | τί-θε-μεν | λύο-μεν |
2nd Person Plural | τί-θε-τε | λύε-τε |
3rd Person Plural | τι-θέ-ᾱσι | λύουσι |
691. Such verbs are called Verbs in μι, because they retain
the personal ending μι in the first person singular of the present
indicative active. Verbs like λύω are called Verbs in ω.
692. Learn the conjugation of the present and second aorist
systems of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
Present Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τί-θη-μι |
Second Person Singular | τί-θη-ς |
Third Person Singular | τί-θη-σι |
Second Person Dual | τί-θε-τον |
Third Person Dual | τί-θε-τον |
First Person Plural | τί-θε-μεν |
Second Person Plural | τί-θε-τε |
Third Person Plural | τι-θέ-ᾱσι |
Present Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τί-θε-μαι |
Second Person Singular | τί-θε-σαι |
Third Person Singular | τί-θε-ται |
Second Person Dual | τί-θε-σθον |
Third Person Dual | τί-θε-σθον |
First Person Plural | τι-θέ-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | τί-θε-σθε |
Third Person Plural | τί-θε-νται |
Imperfect Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | ἐ-τί-θη-ν |
Second Person Singular | ἐ-τί-θεις |
Third Person Singular | ἐ-τί-θει |
Second Person Dual | ἐ-τί-θε-τον |
Third Person Dual | ἐ-τι-θέ-την |
First Person Plural | ἐ-τί-θε-μεν |
Second Person Plural | ἐ-τί-θε-τε |
Third Person Plural | ἐ-τί-θε-σαν |
Imperfect Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | ἐ-τι-θέ-μην |
Second Person Singular | ἐ-τί-θε-σο |
Third Person Singular | ἐ-τί-θε-το |
Second Person Dual | ἐ-τί-θε-σθον |
Third Person Dual | ἐ-τι-θέ-σθην |
First Person Plural | ἐ-τι-θέ-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | ἐ-τί-θε-σθε |
Third Person Plural | ἐ-τί-θε-ντο |
Present Active Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τι-θῶ |
Second Person Singular | τι-θῇς |
Third Person Singular | τι-θῇ |
Second Person Dual | τι-θῆ-τον |
Third Person Dual | τι-θῆ-τον |
First Person Plural | τι-θῶ-μεν |
Second Person Plural | τι-θῆ-τε |
Third Person Plural | τι-θῶσι |
Present Middle and Passive Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τι-θῶ-μαι |
Second Person Singular | τι-θῇ |
Third Person Singular | τι-θῆ-ται |
Second Person Dual | τι-θῆ-σθον |
Third Person Dual | τι-θῆ-σθον |
First Person Plural | τι-θώ-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | τι-θῆ-σθε |
Third Person Plural | τι-θῶ-νται |
Present Active Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τι-θείη-ν |
Second Person Singular | τι-θείη-ς |
Third Person Singular | τι-θείη |
Second Person Dual | τι-θεῖ-τον or τι-θείη-τον |
Third Person Dual | τι-θεί-την τι-θειή-την |
First Person Plural | τι-θεῖ-μεν τι-θείη-μεν |
Second Person Plural | τι-θεῖ-τε τι-θείη-τε |
Third Person Plural | τι-θεῖε-ν τι-θείη-σαν |
Present Middle and Passive Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | τι-θεί-μην |
Second Person Singular | τι-θεῖ-ο |
Third Person Singular | τι-θεῖ-το |
Second Person Dual | τι-θεῖ-σθον |
Third Person Dual | τι-θεί-σθην |
First Person Plural | τι-θεί-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | τι-θεῖ-σθε |
Third Person Plural | τι-θεῖ-ντο |
Aorist Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | ἔθηκα |
Second Person Singular | ἔθηκας |
Third Person Singular | ἔθηκε |
Second Person Dual | ἔ-θε-τον |
Third Person Dual | ἔ-θέ-την |
First Person Plural | ἔ-θε-μεν |
Second Person Plural | ἔ-θε-τε |
Third Person Plural | ἔ-θε-σαν |
Aorist Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | ἐ-θέ-μην |
Second Person Singular | ἔ-θου |
Third Person Singular | ἔ-θε-το |
Second Person Dual | ἔ-θε-σθον |
Third Person Dual | ἐ-θέ-σθην |
First Person Plural | ἐ-θέ-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | ἔ-θε-σθε |
Third Person Plural | ἔ-θε-ντο |
Aorist Active Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | θῶ |
Second Person Singular | θῇς |
Third Person Singular | θῇ |
Second Person Dual | θῆ-τον |
Third Person Dual | θῆ-τον |
First Person Plural | θῶ-μεν |
Second Person Plural | θῆ-τε |
Third Person Plural | θῶσι |
Aorist Middle and Passive Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | θῶ-μαι |
Second Person Singular | θῇ |
Third Person Singular | θῆ-ται |
Second Person Dual | θῆ-σθον |
Third Person Dual | θῆ-σθον |
First Person Plural | θώ-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | θῆ-σθε |
Third Person Plural | θῶ-νται |
Aorist Active Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | θείη-ν |
Second Person Singular | θείη-ς |
Third Person Singular | θείη |
Second Person Dual | θεῖ-τον or θείη-τον |
Third Person Dual | θεί-την or θειή-την |
First Person Plural | θεῖ-μεν or θείη-μεν |
Second Person Plural | θεῖ-τε or θείη-τε |
Third Person Plural | θεῖε-ν or θείη-σαν |
Aorist Middle and Passive Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put. |
First Person Singular | θεί-μην |
Second Person Singular | θεῖ-ο |
Third Person Singular | θεῖ-το |
Second Person Dual | θεῖ-σθον |
Third Person Dual | θεί-σθην |
First Person Plural | θεί-μεθα |
Second Person Plural | θεῖ-σθε |
Third Person Plural | θεῖ-ντο |
Notes on the conjugation of Verbs in μι
694. 1. In the singular of the present indicative active, and in the
first person of the singular of the imperfect indicative active, θε is lengthened
to θη, and the third person plural of the present ends in ᾱσι (for νσι).
2. In the imperfect indicative active, ἐτίθεις, ἐτίθει are formed as if from
a contract verb τιθέω. Cf. ἐποίεις and ἐποίει (782). Similarly τίθει in
the present imperative active. Cf. ποίει (782).
3. The subjunctive has the long vowel ω or η, as in verbs in ω (315,
332), but this contracts with the final vowel of the verb stem (340).
4. The optative has the mood suffix (362, 379), ι or ιη, but the latter
only before active endings. The mood suffix is added directly to the verb
stem and contracts with it. In these forms the accent cannot pass beyond
the mood suffix.
5. The singular of the second aorist indicative active does not occur.
It is supplied by the first aorist forms ἔθηκα, ἔθηκας, ἔθηκε, formed with the
tense suffix κα for σα (148).
6. In the second aorist imperative active, θές is irregular, and the infinitive
θεῖναι (for θε-εναι) is formed with the ending εναι (for simple ναι).
7. The active participles τιθείς and θείς are declined like λυθείς (754).
695. VOCABULARY.
αἰχμάλωτος, ον | captured; as noun, οἱ αἰχμάλωτοι, prisoners of war, captives. |
ἀνα-τίθημι | set up, dedicate. |
αὐτοῦ (cf. αὐτός) | adv., in the very place, here, there. |
βακτηρίᾱ, ᾱς, ἡ | staff, cane, walking-stick. |
γέρρον, ου, τό | wicker shield. |
γόνυ, γόνατος, τό | knee. |
δέρμα, ατος, τό | hide, skin. |
δια-τίθημι | set out in order, arrange, dispose. |
ἐν-τίθημι | put or place in, of fear, instil in, inspire in. |
ἐπι-τίθημι | impose on, inflict; mid., put oneself on, attack. |
συν-τίθημι | put or place together; mid., contract, agree on, make an agreement. |
τίθημι (θε), θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθεικα, τέθειμαι, ἐτέθην | put, set, place. |
696. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
1. ἐπιθήσεται ἡμῖν1. |
2. τούτους δὲ ἐκέλευε θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα2 περὶ τὴν αὑτοῦ σκηνήν. |
3. τὴν δίκην χρῄζω ἐπιθεῖναι αὐτῷ. |
4. καὶ κελεύουσι φυλάττεσθαι μὴ ὑμῖν ἐπιθῶνται τῆς νυκτὸς οἱ βάρβαροι. |
5. καὶ πάσᾱς τὰς οἰκίᾱς ἔκᾱεν, ἵνα φόβον ἐνθείη τοῖς ἄλλοις1. |
6. οὐκέτι ἐπετίθεντο οἱ πολέμιοι τοῖς Ἕλλησι, δεδοικότες μὴ ἀποτμηθείησαν. |
7. τοὺς μὲν ὁπλίτᾱς αὐτοῦ3 ἐκέλευσε μεῖναι, τὰς ἀσπίδας πρὸς τὰ γόνατα θέντας. |
8. ἐνταῦθα ἀνετίθεσαν οἱ στρατιῶται δερμάτων πλῆθος καὶ βακτηρίᾱς καὶ τὰ αἰχμάλωτα γέρρα4. |
9. καὶ συντιθέμεθα τὴν νύκτα,5 ἢν λάβωμεν τὸ ἄκρον, τὸ χωρίον φυλάττειν. |
10. πάντας οὕτω διατιθεὶς ἀπεπέμπετο ὥστε αὐτῷ μᾶλλον φίλους εἶναι ἢ βασιλεῖ. |
NOTES. —1 The dative follows many verbs compounded with ἐν, σύν,
or ἐπί (865). —2 For the phrase θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα, see the general vocabulary.
—3 The adverb. —4 They dedicated these in thanksgiving for their safe
arrival at the sea. —5 An accusative of extent of time (836). Construe
with φυλάττειν. —6 Use the aorist participle. —7 ταῦτα (cognate accusative)
συνθέμενοι.
698. The Enemy’s Array. Cyrus wishes to attack the Persian Centre.
ὅτε δὲ ἐγγύτερον ἐγίγνοντο, τάχα δὴ καὶ χαλκός τις
ἤστραπτε καὶ αἱ λόγχαι καὶ αἱ τάξεις καταφανεῖς ἐγίγνοντο
καὶ ἦσαν ἱππεῖς μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ εὐωνύμου τῶν
πολεμίων, ἐχόμενοι δὲ γερροφόροι, ἐχόμενοι δὲ ὁπλῖται
σὺν ξυλίναις ἀσπίσι. πάντες δὲ οὗτοι κατὰ ἔθνη ἐν
πλαισίῳ πλήρει ἀνθρώπων ἐπορεύοντο. πρὸ δὲ αὐτῶν ἦν
ἅρματα τὰ δρεπανηφόρα καλούμενα. καὶ ἐν τούτῳ Κῦρος
παρελαύνων αὐτὸς σὺν Πίγρητι τῷ ἑρμηνεῖ καὶ ἄλλοις
τρισὶν ἢ τέτταρσι τῷ Κλεάρχῳ ἐβόᾱ ἄγειν τὸ στράτευμα
κατὰ μέσον τὸ τῶν πολεμίων, ὅτι ἐκεῖ βασιλεὺς ἦν. “Κἂν
τοῦτ᾿,” ἔφη, “νῑκῶμεν, πάνθ᾿ ἡμῖν πεποίηται.”
NOTES.—1. χαλκός τις ἤστραπτε: here and there (τὶς) their bronze armor
began to flash.—5. κατὰ ἔθνη: nation by nation.—ἐν πλαισίῳ πλήρει ἀνθρώπων:
in a solid square.—7. καλούμενα: so called.—10. κἄν: i.e. καὶ ἐάν.—
11. πεποίηται: although a perfect in form, this refers vividly to the future,
—our whole work is (will have been) done. cf. 317.
REVIEW AND PRACTICE: