LESSON LXXIV: Regular Verbs in MI, τίθημι.

Regular Verbs in MI

689. Some verbs form the present and second aorist systems by adding the personal endings directly to the verb stem, omitting the tense suffix ο/ε (135, 606), except in the subjunctive. In these verbs, therefore, the present and second aorist stems are the simple verb stem, which is, however, often reduplicated with ι in the present system.

690. Compare the following forms of the present indicative active of τί-θη-μι (θε), place, put, with those of λύω (λῡ), loose:

Comparison of τί-θη-μι (θε) and λύω (λῡ), loose:
1st Person Singularτί-θη-μιλύω
2nd Person Singularτί-θη-ςλύεις
3rd Person Singularτί-θη-σιλύει
2nd Person Dualτί-θε-τονλύε-τον
3rd Person Dualτί-θε-τονλύε-τον
1st Person Pluralτί-θε-μενλύο-μεν
2nd Person Pluralτί-θε-τελύε-τε
3rd Person Pluralτι-θέ-ᾱσιλύουσι

691. Such verbs are called Verbs in μι, because they retain the personal ending μι in the first person singular of the present indicative active. Verbs like λύω are called Verbs in ω.

692. Learn the conjugation of the present and second aorist systems of τίθημι (θε), place, put.

Present Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτί-θη-μι
Second Person Singularτί-θη-ς
Third Person Singularτί-θη-σι
Second Person Dualτί-θε-τον
Third Person Dualτί-θε-τον
First Person Pluralτί-θε-μεν
Second Person Pluralτί-θε-τε
Third Person Pluralτι-θέ-ᾱσι
Present Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτί-θε-μαι
Second Person Singularτί-θε-σαι
Third Person Singularτί-θε-ται
Second Person Dualτί-θε-σθον
Third Person Dualτί-θε-σθον
First Person Pluralτι-θέ-μεθα
Second Person Pluralτί-θε-σθε
Third Person Pluralτί-θε-νται
Imperfect Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularἐ-τί-θη-ν
Second Person Singularἐ-τί-θεις
Third Person Singularἐ-τί-θει
Second Person Dualἐ-τί-θε-τον
Third Person Dualἐ-τι-θέ-την
First Person Pluralἐ-τί-θε-μεν
Second Person Pluralἐ-τί-θε-τε
Third Person Pluralἐ-τί-θε-σαν
Imperfect Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularἐ-τι-θέ-μην
Second Person Singularἐ-τί-θε-σο
Third Person Singularἐ-τί-θε-το
Second Person Dualἐ-τί-θε-σθον
Third Person Dualἐ-τι-θέ-σθην
First Person Pluralἐ-τι-θέ-μεθα
Second Person Pluralἐ-τί-θε-σθε
Third Person Pluralἐ-τί-θε-ντο
Present Active Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτι-θῶ
Second Person Singularτι-θῇς
Third Person Singularτι-θῇ
Second Person Dualτι-θῆ-τον
Third Person Dualτι-θῆ-τον
First Person Pluralτι-θῶ-μεν
Second Person Pluralτι-θῆ-τε
Third Person Pluralτι-θῶσι
Present Middle and Passive Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτι-θῶ-μαι
Second Person Singularτι-θῇ
Third Person Singularτι-θῆ-ται
Second Person Dualτι-θῆ-σθον
Third Person Dualτι-θῆ-σθον
First Person Pluralτι-θώ-μεθα
Second Person Pluralτι-θῆ-σθε
Third Person Pluralτι-θῶ-νται
Present Active Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτι-θείη-ν
Second Person Singularτι-θείη-ς
Third Person Singularτι-θείη
Second Person Dualτι-θεῖ-τον or τι-θείη-τον
Third Person Dualτι-θεί-την τι-θειή-την
First Person Pluralτι-θεῖ-μεν τι-θείη-μεν
Second Person Pluralτι-θεῖ-τε τι-θείη-τε
Third Person Pluralτι-θεῖε-ν τι-θείη-σαν
Present Middle and Passive Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularτι-θεί-μην
Second Person Singularτι-θεῖ-ο
Third Person Singularτι-θεῖ-το
Second Person Dualτι-θεῖ-σθον
Third Person Dualτι-θεί-σθην
First Person Pluralτι-θεί-μεθα
Second Person Pluralτι-θεῖ-σθε
Third Person Pluralτι-θεῖ-ντο
Aorist Active Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singular ἔθηκα
Second Person Singularἔθηκας
Third Person Singularἔθηκε
Second Person Dualἔ-θε-τον
Third Person Dualἔ-θέ-την
First Person Pluralἔ-θε-μεν
Second Person Pluralἔ-θε-τε
Third Person Pluralἔ-θε-σαν
Aorist Middle and Passive Indicative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singular ἐ-θέ-μην
Second Person Singularἔ-θου
Third Person Singularἔ-θε-το
Second Person Dualἔ-θε-σθον
Third Person Dualἐ-θέ-σθην
First Person Pluralἐ-θέ-μεθα
Second Person Pluralἔ-θε-σθε
Third Person Pluralἔ-θε-ντο
Aorist Active Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularθῶ
Second Person Singularθῇς
Third Person Singularθῇ
Second Person Dualθῆ-τον
Third Person Dualθῆ-τον
First Person Pluralθῶ-μεν
Second Person Pluralθῆ-τε
Third Person Pluralθῶσι
Aorist Middle and Passive Subjunctive of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularθῶ-μαι
Second Person Singularθῇ
Third Person Singularθῆ-ται
Second Person Dualθῆ-σθον
Third Person Dualθῆ-σθον
First Person Pluralθώ-μεθα
Second Person Pluralθῆ-σθε
Third Person Pluralθῶ-νται
Aorist Active Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularθείη-ν
Second Person Singularθείη-ς
Third Person Singularθείη
Second Person Dualθεῖ-τον or θείη-τον
Third Person Dualθεί-την or θειή-την
First Person Pluralθεῖ-μεν or θείη-μεν
Second Person Pluralθεῖ-τε or θείη-τε
Third Person Pluralθεῖε-ν or θείη-σαν
Aorist Middle and Passive Optative of τίθημι (θε), place, put.
First Person Singularθεί-μην
Second Person Singularθεῖ-ο
Third Person Singularθεῖ-το
Second Person Dualθεῖ-σθον
Third Person Dualθεί-σθην
First Person Pluralθεί-μεθα
Second Person Pluralθεῖ-σθε
Third Person Pluralθεῖ-ντο

Notes on the conjugation of Verbs in μι

694. 1. In the singular of the present indicative active, and in the first person of the singular of the imperfect indicative active, θε is lengthened to θη, and the third person plural of the present ends in ᾱσι (for νσι).

2. In the imperfect indicative active, ἐτίθεις, ἐτίθει are formed as if from a contract verb τιθέω. Cf. ἐποίεις and ἐποίει (782). Similarly τίθει in the present imperative active. Cf. ποίει (782).

3. The subjunctive has the long vowel ω or η, as in verbs in ω (315, 332), but this contracts with the final vowel of the verb stem (340).

4. The optative has the mood suffix (362, 379), ι or ιη, but the latter only before active endings. The mood suffix is added directly to the verb stem and contracts with it. In these forms the accent cannot pass beyond the mood suffix.

5. The singular of the second aorist indicative active does not occur. It is supplied by the first aorist forms ἔθηκα, ἔθηκας, ἔθηκε, formed with the tense suffix κα for σα (148).

6. In the second aorist imperative active, θές is irregular, and the infinitive θεῖναι (for θε-εναι) is formed with the ending εναι (for simple ναι).

7. The active participles τιθείς and θείς are declined like λυθείς (754).

695. VOCABULARY.

αἰχμάλωτος, ονcaptured; as noun, οἱ αἰχμάλωτοι, prisoners of war, captives.
ἀνα-τίθημιset up, dedicate.
αὐτοῦ (cf. αὐτός)adv., in the very place, here, there.
βακτηρίᾱ, ᾱς, ἡstaff, cane, walking-stick.
γέρρον, ου, τόwicker shield.
γόνυ, γόνατος, τόknee.
δέρμα, ατος, τόhide, skin.
δια-τίθημιset out in order, arrange, dispose.
ἐν-τίθημιput or place in, of fear, instil in, inspire in.
ἐπι-τίθημιimpose on, inflict; mid., put oneself on, attack.
συν-τίθημιput or place together; mid., contract, agree on, make an agreement.
τίθημι (θε), θήσω, ἔθηκα, τέθεικα, τέθειμαι, ἐτέθηνput, set, place.

696. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:

1. ἐπιθήσεται ἡμῖν1.
2. τούτους δὲ ἐκέλευε θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα2 περὶ τὴν αὑτοῦ σκηνήν.
3. τὴν δίκην χρῄζω ἐπιθεῖναι αὐτῷ.
4. καὶ κελεύουσι φυλάττεσθαι μὴ ὑμῖν ἐπιθῶνται τῆς νυκτὸς οἱ βάρβαροι.
5. καὶ πάσᾱς τὰς οἰκίᾱς ἔκᾱεν, ἵνα φόβον ἐνθείη τοῖς ἄλλοις1.
6. οὐκέτι ἐπετίθεντο οἱ πολέμιοι τοῖς Ἕλλησι, δεδοικότες μὴ ἀποτμηθείησαν.
7. τοὺς μὲν ὁπλίτᾱς αὐτοῦ3 ἐκέλευσε μεῖναι, τὰς ἀσπίδας πρὸς τὰ γόνατα θέντας.
8. ἐνταῦθα ἀνετίθεσαν οἱ στρατιῶται δερμάτων πλῆθος καὶ βακτηρίᾱς καὶ τὰ αἰχμάλωτα γέρρα4.
9. καὶ συντιθέμεθα τὴν νύκτα,5 ἢν λάβωμεν τὸ ἄκρον, τὸ χωρίον φυλάττειν.
10. πάντας οὕτω διατιθεὶς ἀπεπέμπετο ὥστε αὐτῷ μᾶλλον φίλους εἶναι ἢ βασιλεῖ.

NOTES. —1 The dative follows many verbs compounded with ἐν, σύν, or ἐπί (865). —2 For the phrase θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα, see the general vocabulary. —3 The adverb. —4 They dedicated these in thanksgiving for their safe arrival at the sea. —5 An accusative of extent of time (836). Construe with φυλάττειν. —6 Use the aorist participle. —7 ταῦτα (cognate accusative) συνθέμενοι.

698. The Enemy’s Array. Cyrus wishes to attack the Persian Centre.

ὅτε δὲ ἐγγύτερον ἐγίγνοντο, τάχα δὴ καὶ χαλκός τις ἤστραπτε καὶ αἱ λόγχαι καὶ αἱ τάξεις καταφανεῖς ἐγίγνοντο καὶ ἦσαν ἱππεῖς μὲν ἐπὶ τοῦ εὐωνύμου τῶν πολεμίων, ἐχόμενοι δὲ γερροφόροι, ἐχόμενοι δὲ ὁπλῖται σὺν ξυλίναις ἀσπίσι. πάντες δὲ οὗτοι κατὰ ἔθνη ἐν πλαισίῳ πλήρει ἀνθρώπων ἐπορεύοντο. πρὸ δὲ αὐτῶν ἦν ἅρματα τὰ δρεπανηφόρα καλούμενα. καὶ ἐν τούτῳ Κῦρος παρελαύνων αὐτὸς σὺν Πίγρητι τῷ ἑρμηνεῖ καὶ ἄλλοις τρισὶν ἢ τέτταρσι τῷ Κλεάρχῳ ἐβόᾱ ἄγειν τὸ στράτευμα κατὰ μέσον τὸ τῶν πολεμίων, ὅτι ἐκεῖ βασιλεὺς ἦν. “Κἂν τοῦτ᾿,” ἔφη, “νῑκῶμεν, πάνθ᾿ ἡμῖν πεποίηται.”

NOTES.—1. χαλκός τις ἤστραπτε: here and there (τὶς) their bronze armor began to flash.—5. κατὰ ἔθνη: nation by nation.—ἐν πλαισίῳ πλήρει ἀνθρώπων: in a solid square.—7. καλούμενα: so called.—10. κἄν: i.e. καὶ ἐάν.— 11. πεποίηται: although a perfect in form, this refers vividly to the future, —our whole work is (will have been) done. cf. 317.

REVIEW AND PRACTICE: