LESSON XLVI: Adjective Stems in ν and εσ of the Consonant Declension.
426. Learn the declension of μέλᾱς, black, εὐδαίμων, fortunate, and ἀληθής, true, in 752.
| μέλᾱς, black | |
|---|---|
| Masculine Nominative Singular | μέλᾱς |
| Masculine Genitive Singular | μέλανος |
| Masculine Dative Singular | μέλανι |
| Masculine Accusative Singular | μέλανα |
| Masculine Vocative Singular | μέλαν |
| Masculine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μέλανε |
| Masculine Genitive and Dative Dual | μελάνοιν |
| Masculine Nominative and Vocative Plural | μέλανες |
| Masculine Genitive Plural | μελάνων |
| Masculine Dative Plural | μέλασι |
| Masculine Accusative Plural | μέλανας |
| μέλᾱς, black | |
|---|---|
| Feminine Nominative Singular | μέλαινα |
| Feminine Genitive Singular | μελαίνης |
| Feminine Dative Singular | μελαίνῃ |
| Feminine Accusative Singular | μέλαιναν |
| Feminine Vocative Singular | μέλαινα |
| Feminine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μελαίνᾱ |
| Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | μελαίναιν |
| Feminine Nominative and Vocative Plural | μέλαιναι |
| Feminine Genitive Plural | μελαινῶν |
| Feminine Dative Plural | μελαίναις |
| Feminine Accusative Plural | μελαίνᾱς |
| μέλᾱς, black | |
|---|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | μέλαν |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | μέλανος |
| Neuter Dative Singular | μέλανι |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | μέλαν |
| Neuter Vocative Singular | μέλαν |
| Neuter Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μέλανε |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | μελάνοιν |
| Neuter Nominative and Vocative Plural | μέλανα |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | μελάνων |
| Neuter Dative Plural | μέλασι |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | μέλανα |
| εὐδαίμων, fortunate | |
|---|---|
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative Singular | εὐδαίμων |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive Singular | εὐδαίμονος |
| Masculine and Feminine Dative Singular | εὐδαίμονι |
| Masculine and Feminine Accusative Singular | εὐδαίμονα |
| Masculine and Feminine Vocative Singular | εὔδαιμον |
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | εὐδαίμονε |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | εὐδαιμόνοιν |
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative and Vocative Plural | εὐδαίμονες |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive Plural | εὐδαιμόνων |
| Masculine and Feminine Dative Plural | εὐδαίμοσι |
| Masculine and Feminine Accusative Plural | εὐδαίμονας |
| εὐδαίμων, fortunate | |
|---|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | εὔδαιμον |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | εὐδαίμονος |
| Neuter Dative Singular | εὐδαίμονι |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | εὔδαιμον |
| Neuter Vocative Singular | εὔδαιμον |
| Neuter Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | εὐδαίμονε |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | εὐδαιμόνοιν |
| Neuter Nominative and Vocative Plural | εὐδαίμονα |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | εὐδαιμόνων |
| Neuter Dative Plural | εὐδαίμοσι |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | εὐδαίμονα |
| ἀληθής, true | |
|---|---|
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative Singular | ἀληθής |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive Singular | (ἀληθέ-ος) ἀληθοῦς |
| Masculine and Feminine Dative Singular | (ἀληθέ-ϊ) ἀληθεῖ |
| Masculine and Feminine Accusative Singular | (ἀληθέ-α) ἀληθῆ |
| Masculine and Feminine Vocative Singular | ἀληθές |
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | (ἀληθέ-ε) ἀληθεῖ |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | (ἀληθέ-οιν) ἀληθοῖν |
| Masculine and Feminine Nominative and Vocative Plural | (ἀληθέ-ες) ἀληθεῖς |
| Masculine and Feminine Genitive Plural | (ἀληθέ-ων) ἀληθῶν |
| Masculine and Feminine Dative Plural | ἀληθέσι |
| Masculine and Feminine Accusative Plural | ἀληθεῖς |
| ἀληθής, true | |
|---|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | ἀληθές |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | (ἀληθέ-ος) ἀληθοῦς |
| Neuter Dative Singular | (ἀληθέ-ϊ) ἀληθεῖ |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | ἀληθές |
| Neuter Vocative Singular | ἀληθές |
| Neuter Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | (ἀληθέ-ε) ἀληθεῖ |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | (ἀληθέ-οιν) ἀληθοῖν |
| Neuter Nominative and Vocative Plural | (ἀληθέ-α) ἀληθῆ |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | (ἀληθέ-ων) ἀληθῶν |
| Neuter Dative Plural | ἀληθέσι |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | (ἀληθέ-α) ἀληθῆ |
427. Review the formation of adjectives of the consonant declension in lesson 27. Most adjective stems in ν are of two endings, like εὐδαίμων. The accent is recessive.
428. Adjectives with stems in ες are of two endings. Cf. the declension of τριήρης in lesson 42.
Grammatical Notes
843. Verbs signifying to be or become and other copulative verbs may have a predicate genitive expressing any of the relations of the attributive genitive (841). Thus, τίνος ἐστὶν ὁ ἵππος; who owns the horse? ὁ Χάλος ἐστὶ τὸ εὖρος πλέθρου, the Chalus is one hundred feet broad, ἦν δὲ καὶ οὗτος τῶν Μίλητον πολιορκούντων, he too was one of these who were besieging Miletus.
855. The objective genitive follows many verbal adjectives. These are chiefly kindred (in meaning or derivation) to verbs which take the genitive. Thus, ἔμπειροι γὰρ ἦσαν τῆς χώρᾱς, they were familiar with the country (845), τῆς χώρᾱς ἐγκρατεῖς, masters or rulers of the land (847), κῶμαι μεσταὶ σίτου, villages abounding in supplies (848).
860. Certain intransitive verbs take the dative, many of which in English may have a direct object without to. The verbs of this class which are not translated with to in English are chiefly those signifying to benefit, serve, obey, defend, assist, please, trust, satisfy, advise, exhort, or any of their opposites; also those expressing friendliness, hostility, blame, abuse, reproach, envy, anger, threats. Thus, οἱ πρόσθεν ἡμῖν βοηθήσαντες, those who have previously helped us, πείθεται τῷ στρατηγῷ, he obeys his commander, πιστεύουσι τῷ Κύρῳ, they trust Cyrus, παρεκελεύοντο ἀλλήλοις, they exhorted one another, ὠργίζοντο ἰσχῡρῶς τῷ Κλεάρχῳ, they were excessively angry with Clearchus.
429. VOCABULARY.
| ἀληθής, ές (cf. ἀλήθεια) | unconcealed, true. |
| ἀσφαλής, ές | free from danger, safe, secure. |
| ἐγ-κρατής, ές (cf. κράτος) | possessed of power, master of. |
| εὐδαίμων, ον | fortunate, happy. |
| καταφανής, ές | in plain sight. |
| μέλᾱς, μέλαινα, μέλαν | black. |
| ὁμαλής, ές | even, level. |
| πλήρης, ες | full of, abounding in. |
| πολυτελής, ές | costly, expensive. |
| τόπος, ου, ὁ | place, region. |
| φοῖνιξ, ῑκος, ὁ | palm tree, palm.. |
430. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. οὐκ ἔστι1 πᾶσι δὴ εὐδαίμοσιν εἶναι. |
| 2. οὗτοι δὲ πάντες ὅπλα εἶχον μέλανα. |
| 3. πορεύεσθαι τῆς νυκτὸς οὐκ ἀσφαλὲς ἦν. |
| 4. οἱ Κύρου φίλοι τῆς ἀρχῆς2 τῆς τοῦ πατρὸς ἐγκρατεῖς ἔσονται. |
| 5. ὁ τοῦ σατράπου παράδεισος πλήρης ἐστὶ φοινίκων3. |
| 6. οἱ περὶ Κῦρον Πέρσαι εἶχον χιτῶνας πολυτελεῖς. |
| 7. παρὰ τῇ ὁδῷ ἦν μέλαν τι χωρίον. |
| 8. ἐρωτᾷ τὸν Θρᾷκα εἰ ἀληθῆ ταῦτ᾿ ἐστί. |
| 9. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τόπῳ ἦν ἡ γῆ πεδίον ἅπαν ὁμαλὲς ὥσπερ θάλαττα. |
| 10. καὶ ἤδη τε ἦν μέσον ἡμέρᾱς καὶ οὐ καταφανεῖς ἦσαν οἱ πολέμιοι. |
NOTES.—1 For the accent, see 166, 3.—2 The objective genitive follows adjectives signifying mastery (855).—3 Adjectives signifying fulness and want, like the corresponding verbs, take the genitive (855).—4 Use ἐν.
432. A Quarrel at the Ford.
ὁ δὲ οἶνος ἐκ τῆς βαλάνου ἐπεποίητο τῆς ἀπὸ τοῦ φοίνῑκος,
καὶ ὁ σῖτος μελίνης ἦν· ταύτης γὰρ ἦν ἡ χώρᾱ
πλήρης. ἀμφιλέγουσι δέ τι ἐνταῦθα οἵ τε τοῦ Μένωνος
στρατιῶται καὶ οἱ Κλεάρχου· καὶ ὁ Κλέαρχος κρίνει
NOTES.—2. μελίνης: predicate genitive of material (843).— 3. ἀμφιλέγουσί τι: have some dispute.—7. Κλεάρχῳ: the dative object follows verbs signifying anger (860).
