LESSON 8: O-Declension Nouns.
Formation of O-Declension Nouns
75. Nouns of the O-Declension end in ος (masculine, rarely
feminine) or in ον (neuter).
76. Paradigms for O-Declension Nouns.
| λόγος, ὁ (Word) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | λόγος | word |
| Genitive Singular | λόγου | of a word |
| Dative Singular | λόγῳ | to or for a word |
| Accusative Singular | λόγον | word |
| Vocative Singular | λόγε | O word |
| Nominative Accusative Vocative Dual | λόγω | |
| Genitive Dative Dual | λόγοιν | |
| Nominative Plural | λόγοι | words |
| Genitive Plural | λόγων | of words |
| Dative Plural | λόγοις | to or for words |
| Accusative Plural | λόγους | words |
| Vocative Plural | λόγοι | O words |
| ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος (The Good Man) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος |
| Genitive Singular | τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ἀνθρώπου |
| Dative Singular | τῷ ἀγαθῷ ἀνθρώπῳ |
| Accusative Singular | τὸν ἀγαθὸν ἄνθρωπον |
| Vocative Singular | ἀγαθὲ ἄνθρωπε |
| Nominative Accusative Vocative Dual | τὼ ἀγαθὼ ἀνθρώπω |
| Genitive Dative Dual | τοῖν ἀγαθοῖν ἀνθρώποιν |
| Nominative Plural | οἱ ἀγαθοὶ ἄνθρωποι |
| Genitive Plural | τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀνθρώπων |
| Dative Plural | τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς ἀνθρώποις |
| Accusative Plural | τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς ἀνθρώπους |
| Vocative Plural | ἀγαθοὶ ἄνθρωποι |
| τὸ καλὸν δῶρον (The Fine Gift) |
|---|
| Nominative Singular | τὸ καλὸν δῶρον |
| Genitive Singular | τοῦ καλοῦ δώρου |
| Dative Singular | τῷ καλῷ δώρῳ |
| Accusative Singular | τὸ καλὸν δῶρον |
| Vocative Singular | καλὸν δῶρον |
| Nominative Accusative Vocative Dual | τὼ καλὼ δώρω |
| Genitive Dative Dual | τοῖν καλοῖν δώροιν |
| Nominative Plural | τὰ καλὰ δῶρα |
| Genitive Plural | τῶν καλῶν δώρων |
| Dative Plural | τοῖς καλοῖς δώροις |
| Accusative Plural | τὰ καλὰ δῶρα |
| Vocative Plural | καλὰ δῶρα |
a. For the accent, see 21 (final οι is short, 23), 22, 24, 35, 36. The
forms ὁ, οἱ are proclitic (26).
b. Observe the cases that are alike (30).
77. Formation Of Adjectives
77. The masculine and neuter of the adjectives thus far
given follow the O-Declension, the feminine the A-Declension.
The nominative singular, therefore, ends in ος, η or ᾱ, ον
(Latin us, a, um), as follows:
| ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν | good. |
| μακρός, μακρά, μακρόν | long. |
| Ἑλληνικός, Ἑλληνική, Ἑλληνικόν | Greek. |
| μῑκρός, μῑκρά, μῑκρόν | little. |
| κακός, κακή, κακόν | bad, cowardly. |
| στενός, στενή, στενόν | narrow. |
| καλός, καλή, καλόν | beautiful. |
| φοβερός, φοβερά, φοβερόν | frightful. |
78. VOCABULARY.
| ἄνθρωπος, ου, ὁ, ἡ | man, human being. |
| ἵππος, ου, ὁ | horse. |
| λόγος, ου, ὁ | word, speech. |
| πόλεμος, ου, ὁ | war. |
| σύμμαχος, ου, ὁ | ally. |
| δῶρον, ου, τό | gift. |
| πεδίον, ου, τό | plain. |
| χωρίον, ου, τό (cf. χώρᾱ) | small place, place, spot. |
| καὶ . . . καί | both . . . and. |
a. The article placed after the noun indicates its gender, ὁ the masculine,
ἡ the feminine, τό the neuter.
79. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. δῶρα ἔπεμπε τῇ στρατιᾷ; |
| 2. ἐν τῷ χωρίῳ ἦσαν οἰκίαι. |
| 3. ὁ πόλεμος φοβερὸς ἦν. |
| 4. εἰς τὸ πεδίον ἔπεμπεν ἀνθρώπους. |
| 5. τοὺς ἵππους ἄγομεν ἐκ τοῦ χωρίου. |
| 6. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν καὶ ἵπποι καὶ ἄνθρωποι. |
| 7. δῶρα πέμπομεν τοῖς συμμάχοις. |
| 8. οἱ σύμμαχοι ἐν πολέμῳ κακοὶ ἦσαν. |
| 9. οἱ τῶν συμμάχων λόγοι καλοὶ ἦσαν. |
| 10. ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν οἱ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἵπποι. |
REVIEW AND PRACTICE:
