LESSON LXXII: Second Passive System.
The Second Passive System
668. The second passive system includes the second aorist and second future passive.
669.Learn the conjugation of second passive system of στέλλω, send.
| Second Aorist Passive Indicative of στέλλω (στελ), send | |
|---|---|
| First Person Singular | ἐ-στάλη-ν |
| Second Person Singular | ἐ-στάλη-ς |
| Third Person Singular | ἐ-στάλη |
| Second Person Dual | ἐ-στάλη-τον |
| Third Person Dual | ἐ-σταλή-την |
| First Person Plural | ἐ-στάλη-μεν |
| Second Person Plural | ἐ-στάλη-τε |
| Third Person Plural | ἐ-στάλη-σαν |
| Second Future Passive Indicative of στέλλω (στελ), send | |
|---|---|
| First Person Singular | σταλήσο-μαι |
| Second Person Singular | σταλήσει |
| Third Person Singular | σταλήσε-ται |
| Second Person Dual | σταλήσε-σθον |
| Third Person Dual | σταλήσε-σθον |
| First Person Plural | σταλησό-μεθα |
| Second Person Plural | σταλήσε-σθε |
| Third Person Plural | σταλήσο-νται |
Notes on the Formation of the Second Passive System
670. The stem of the second aorist passive is formed by adding the tense suffix ε to the verb stem, as στέλλω (στελ), send, second aorist passive stem σταλε (672). This is lengthened to η in the indicative, and in the other moods before a single consonant in the ending. As a secondary tense the second aorist passive has augment in the indicative. It follows the inflection of the first aorist passive.
671. The second future passive adds σ ο/ε to the stem of the second aorist passive, with the tense suffix ε lengthened to η. It follows the inflection of the first future passive (770).
672. An ε in the verb stem generally becomes α.
673. VOCABULARY.
| βιαίως (cf. βιάζομαι) | adv., violently. |
| ἑξακόσιοι, αι, α | 600. |
| κονιορτός, οῦ, ὁ | cloud of dust. |
| λευκός, ή, όν | white. |
| μέχρι | conj., until. |
| νεφέλη, ης, ἡ | cloud. |
| νεκρός, οῦ, ὁ | corpse; οἱ νεκροί, the dead. |
| παλτόν, οῦ, τό | spear, javelin. |
| τροπή, ῆς, ἡ (cf. τρέπω) | rout, defeat. |
| ὑστεραῖος, ᾱ, ον (cf. ὕστερος) | later, following. |
674. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. Κῦρος ἐπλήγη παλτῷ ὑπὸ τὸν ὀφθαλμὸν βιαίως. |
| 2. εἰ πορευθείη ἐπὶ τοὺς στρατιώτᾱς, ἐκπλαγεῖεν ἄν. |
| 3. ἐφάνη κονιορτὸς ὥσπερ νεφέλη λευκή. |
| 4. οὐ πολλῷ1 δὲ ὕστερον οἱ λοχᾱγοὶ κατακοπήσονται. |
| 5. ὅμως δὲ λέξον, ἔφη, ἐκ τίνος2 ἐπλήγης. |
| 6. ἐνταῦθα οἱ πελτασταὶ ἐδίωκον μέχρι τὸ δεξιὸν αὖ διεσπάρη. |
| 7. τῇ δὲ ὑστεραίᾳ3 οὐκ ἐφάνησαν οἱ πολέμιοι, οὐδὲ τῇ τρίτῃ. |
| 8. ὡς (when) ἡ τροπὴ ἐγένετο, διεσπάρησαν καὶ οἱ Κύρου ἑξακόσιοι4 εἰς τὸ διώκειν5 ὁρμήσαντες. |
| 9. ἔφασαν τοὺς λόχους κατακοπῆναι ὑπὸ τῶν Κιλίκων. |
| 10. εἰ μέντοι πλείους συλλεγεῖεν, κινδῡνεύσειεν ἂν διαφθαρῆναι πολὺ τοῦ στρατεύματος. |
| 11. καὶ ἐβουλευόμεθα σὺν τούτοις πῷς ἂν ταφείησαν οἱ τῶν Ἑλλήνων νεκροί. |
NOTES.—1 Dative of the degree of difference (867) with ὕστερον, literally later by much, i.e. much later.—2 in consequence of what, i.e. why.—3 Dative of the time when (870).—4 Cyrus’s bodyguard of 600 horse.—5 in pursuit. The infinitive with the article may, like a noun, depend on a preposition. —6 Use the aorist passive participle.—7 Use the aorist passive.
676. The Order of Battle.
καὶ Κῦρος ἐθωρᾱκίζετο καὶ τὰ παλτὰ εἰς τὰς χεῖρας
ἔλαβε, τοῖς τε ἄλλοις πᾶσι παρήγγελλεν ἐξοπλίζεσθαι.
ἔνθα δὴ σὺν πολλῇ σπουδῇ ἐτάττοντο, Κλέαρχος μὲν τὸ
δεξιὸν τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ ἔχων πρὸς τῷ Εὐφράτῃ ποταμῷ,
NOTES.—For the disposition of the forces, see No. 56.—5. ἐχόμενος: being next.—7. εἰς χῑλίους: sc. ἱππέᾱς, to the number of a thousand (horse).— 9. τῷ εὐωνύμῳ: of the entire Greek force.
