LESSON LIV: Adjective Stems in υ of the Consonant Declension. —Irregular
Adjectives.
500. Learn the declension of ἡδύς, sweet, and of the
irregular adjectives μέγας, great, and πολύς, much, many.
Masculine Form of ἡδύς (ὴδυ), 'Sweet' |
Nominative Singular | ἡδύς |
Genitive Singular | ἡδέος |
Dative Singular | (ἡδἐ-ϊ) ἡδεῖ |
Accusative Singular | ἡδύν |
Vocative Singular | ἡδύ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | (ἡδέ-ε) ἡδεῖ. |
Genitive and Dative Dual | ἡδέοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | (ἡδέ-ες) ἡδεῖς |
Genitive Plural | ἡδέων |
Dative Plural | ἡδέσι |
Accusative Plural | ἡδεῖς |
Feminine Form of ἡδύς (ὴδυ), 'Sweet' |
Nominative Singular | ἡδεῖα |
Genitive Singular | ἡδείᾱς |
Dative Singular | ἡδείᾳ |
Accusative Singular | ἡδεῖαν |
Vocative Singular | ἡδεῖα |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἡδείᾱ |
Genitive and Dative Dual | ἡδείαιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἡδεῖαι |
Genitive Plural | ἡδειῶν |
Dative Plural | ἡδείαις |
Accusative Plural | ἡδείᾱς |
Neuter Form of ἡδύς (ὴδυ), 'Sweet' |
Nominative Singular | ἡδύ |
Genitive Singular | ἡδέος |
Dative Singular | (ἡδέ-ϊ) ἡδεῖ |
Accusative Singular | ἡδύ |
Vocative Singular | ἡδύ |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | (ἡδέ-ε) ἡδεῖ |
Genitive and Dative Dual | ἡδέοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἡδέα |
Genitive Plural | ἡδέων |
Dative Plural | ἡδέσι |
Accusative Plural | ἡδέα |
Masculine Form of μέγας (μεγα, μεγαλο), 'Great' |
Nominative Singular | μέγας |
Genitive Singular | μεγάλου |
Dative Singular | μεγάλῳ |
Accusative Singular | μέγαν |
Vocative Singular | μεγάλε |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλω |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | μεγάλοι |
Genitive Plural | μεγάλων |
Dative Plural | μεγάλοις |
Accusative Plural | μεγάλους |
Feminine Form of μέγας (μεγα, μεγαλο), 'Great' |
Nominative Singular | μεγάλη |
Genitive Singular | μεγάλης |
Dative Singular | μεγάλῃ |
Accusative Singular | μεγάλην |
Vocative Singular | μεγάλη |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλᾱ |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλαιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | μεγάλαι |
Genitive Plural | μεγάλων |
Dative Plural | μεγάλαις |
Accusative Plural | μεγάλᾱς |
Neuter Form of μέγας (μεγα, μεγαλο), 'Great' |
Nominative Singular | μέγα |
Genitive Singular | μεγάλου |
Dative Singular | μεγάλῳ |
Accusative Singular | μέγα |
Vocative Singular | μέγα |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλω |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | μεγάλα |
Genitive Plural | μεγάλων |
Dative Plural | μεγάλοις |
Accusative Plural | μεγάλα |
Masculine Form of πολύς (πολυ, πολλο), 'Much, Many' |
Nominative Singular | πολύς |
Genitive Singular | πολλοῦ |
Dative Singular | πολλῷ |
Accusative Singular | πολύν |
Vocative Singular | μεγάλε | μεγάλη | μέγα |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλω | μεγάλᾱ | μεγάλω |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλοιν | μεγάλαιν | μεγάλοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | πολλοί |
Genitive Plural | πολλῶν |
Dative Plural | πολλοῖς |
Accusative Plural | πολλούς |
Masculine Form of πολύς (πολυ, πολλο), 'Much, Many' |
Nominative Singular | πολλή |
Genitive Singular | πολλῆς |
Dative Singular | πολλῇ |
Accusative Singular | πολλήν |
Vocative Singular | μεγάλε | μεγάλη | μέγα |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλω | μεγάλᾱ | μεγάλω |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλοιν | μεγάλαιν | μεγάλοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | πολλαί |
Genitive Plural | πολλῶν |
Dative Plural | πολλαῖς |
Accusative Plural | πολλάς |
Masculine Form of πολύς (πολυ, πολλο), 'Much, Many' |
Nominative Singular | πολύ |
Genitive Singular | πολλοῦ |
Dative Singular | πολλῷ |
Accusative Singular | πολύ |
Vocative Singular | μεγάλε | μεγάλη | μέγα |
Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | μεγάλω | μεγάλᾱ | μεγάλω |
Genitive and Dative Dual | μεγάλοιν | μεγάλαιν | μεγάλοιν |
Nominative and Vocative Plural | πολλά |
Genitive Plural | μεγάλων | μεγάλων | μεγάλων | πολλῶν | πολλῶν |
Dative Plural | πολλοῖς |
Accusative Plural | πολλά |
501. With ἡδύς, cf. the declension of πῆχυς and ἄστυ in 748. μέγας
and πολύς are irregular in having each two stems.
502. VOCABULARY.
αὐτόθι (cf. αὐτός) | adv., here, there. |
βαθύς, εῖα, ύ | deep. |
ἐγγύς | adv., near, at hand. |
ἡδύς, εῖα, ύ (cf. ἥδομαι) | sweet, pleasant. |
ἥμισυς, εια, υ | half. |
κρήνη, ης, ἡ | well. |
μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα | great, large. |
ὄπισθεν | adv., behind, in the rear. |
πολύς, πολλή, πολύ | much, many; πολύ as adv., much, far. |
σκηνέω, σκηνήσω, ἐσκήνησα (cf. σκηνή) | be in camp. |
τάφρος, ου, ἡ | ditch, trench. |
ὕδωρ, ὕδατος, τό | water. |
503. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
1. ὁ δ᾿ ἀνὴρ πολλοῦ1 ἄξιος φίλος ἐστί. |
2. καὶ πόλις αὐτόθι ᾠκεῖτο μεγάλη καὶ εὐδαίμων. |
3. τῶν δὲ βαρβάρων2 φόβος πολὺς ἦν. |
4. ἐσκήνησαν3 ἐγγὺς παραδείσου4 μεγάλου καὶ καλοῦ. |
5. Κύρῳ ἔπεμπε χρήματα πολλὰ εἰς τὴν στρατιάν. |
6. κατὰ γὰρ μέσον5 τὸν σταθμὸν τοῦτον τάφρος ἦν βαθεῖα. |
7. πολλοὺς δὲ τῶν φυλάκων ὄπισθεν τῶν ὑποζυγίων εἶχεν. |
8. ἐνταῦθά ἐστι κρήνη ἡδέος ὕδατος. |
9. ἐπορεύετο ἐπὶ ποταμόν, ὄντα τὸ εὖρος πλέθρου, πλήρη δ᾿ ἰχθύων μεγάλων. |
10. ἔχει τὸ ἥμισυ τοῦ στρατεύματος. |
NOTES.—1 The genitive depending on ἄξιος, worth, worthy, is the genitive
of value (853).—2 Subjective genitive (841,2), the fear that the barbarians
felt, not the fear that they inspired.—3 Inceptive aorist (134, 3), went into
camp, encamped. —4 The genitive follows ἐγγύς (856). —5at the middle of this
day’s march. μέσος in this position (813) refers to a part of the subject.
505. Cyrus makes the Charge: “This is not the First Time that this
Man has been false to me.”
μετὰ δὲ τὴν κρίσιν τοῦ Ὀρόντᾱ Κλέαρχος ἐξήγγελλε
τοῖς φίλοις ὡς ἐγένετο· οὐ γὰρ ἀπόρρητον ἦν. ἔλεξε δὲ
ὅτι Κῦρος ἦρχε τοῦ λόγου ὧδε. “Παρεκάλεσα ὑμᾶς,
ἄνδρες φίλοι, ὅπως σὺν ὑμῖν βουλευόμενος ὅ τι δίκαιόν
ἐστι καὶ πρὸς θεῶν καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων τοῦτο πράξω περὶ
Ὀρόντᾱ τουτουί. τοῦτον γὰρ πρῶτον μὲν ὁ ἐμὸς πατὴρ
ἔδωκεν ὑπήκοον εἶναι ἐμοί· ταχθεὶς δὲ ὡς ἔφη αὐτὸς ὑπὸ
τοῦ ἐμοῦ ἀδελφοῦ οὗτος ἐπολέμησεν ἐμοὶ ἔχων τὴν ἐν
Σάρδεσιν ἀκρόπολιν, καὶ ἐγὼ αὐτὸν προσπολεμῶν ἐποίησα
τοῦ πρὸς ἐμὲ πολέμου παύσασθαι.”
NOTES. —2. ὡς ἐγένετο: how it (the trial) was conducted. —3. ἦρχε:
began. For the following genitive, see 845. —4. ὅ τι: whatever, the neuter
of the general relative ὅστις, ἥτις, ὅ τι, whoever, whatever. The relative
clause is summed up emphatically in the following τοῦτο. —5. πράξω:
aorist subjunctive. —6. τουτουί: here, with an emphatic gesture, stronger
form of τούτου. —7. ἔδωκεν: gave. —εἶναι: expresses purpose (461, 7). —
9. αὐτόν: subject of παύσασθαι. —προσπολεμῶν: by warring against (him), a
participle expressing manner (495, 3).
REVIEW AND PRACTICE: