LESSON XXXVII: Interrogative and Indefinite Pronouns.
Formation of Interrogative and Indefinite Pronouns
353. The principal interrogative pronoun is τίς, τίς, τί, who? which? what?. It always has the acute accent on the first syllable, except in the short forms τοῦ, τῷ, and never changes the acute to the grave.
354. The indefinite pronoun is τὶς, τὶς, τὶ, some, any or, used substantively, somebody, anything. It is enclitic.
355. Learn the declension of τίς and τὶς.
PARADIGMS
| Masculine and Feminine Form of τίς, τίς, τί, who? which? what? | |
|---|---|
| Nominative Singular | τίς |
| Genitive Singular | τίνος, τοῦ |
| Dative Singular | τίνι, τῷ |
| Accusative Singular | τίνα |
| Nominative and Accusative Dual | τίνε |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | τίνοιν |
| Nominative Plural | τίνες |
| Genitive Plural | τίνων |
| Dative Plural | τίσι |
| Accusative Plural | τίνας |
| Neuter Form of τίς, τίς, τί, who? which? what? | |
|---|---|
| Nominative Singular | τί |
| Genitive Singular | τίνος, τοῦ |
| Dative Singular | τίνι, τῷ |
| Accusative Singular | τί |
| Nominative and Accusative Dual | τίνε |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | τινοιν |
| Nominative Plural | τίνα |
| Genitive Plural | τίνων |
| Dative Plural | τίσι |
| Accusative Plural | τίνα |
| Masculine and Feminine Form of τὶς, τὶς, τὶ, some, any | |
|---|---|
| Nominative Singular | τὶς |
| Genitive Singular | τινός, του |
| Dative Singular | τινί, τῳ |
| Accusative Singular | τινά |
| Nominative and Accusative Dual | τινέ |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | τινοῖν |
| Nominative Plural | τινές |
| Genitive Plural | τινῶν |
| Dative Plural | τισί |
| Accusative Plural | τινάς |
| Neuter Form of τὶς, τὶς, τὶ, some, any | |
|---|---|
| Nominative Singular | τὶ |
| Genitive Singular | τινός, του |
| Dative Singular | τινί, τῳ |
| Accusative Singular | τὶ |
| Nominative and Accusative Dual | τινέ |
| Genitive and Dative Dual | τινοῖν |
| Nominative Plural | τινά |
| Genitive Plural | τινῶν |
| Dative Plural | τισί |
| Accusative Plural | τινά |
GRAMMATICAL NOTES
835. An accusative in certain expressions has the force of an adverb. Thus, τὰ πάντα νῑκῶσι, they are completely victorious, τί δεῖ αὐτοὺς λύειν τὴν γέφῡραν, why need they destroy the bridge?
842. The Partitive genitive (841, 7) may follow all nouns, pronouns, adjectives (especially superlatives), participles with the article, and adverbs, which denote a part. Thus, τίς τῶν Ἑλλήνων; who of the Greeks? πάντων πάντα κράτιστος, best of all in everything, ὑμῶν ὁ βουλόμενος, whoever of you wishes, τῑμᾶται μάλιστα τῶν Ἑλλήνων, he is honored more than any other Greek.
843. Verbs signifying to be or become and other copulative verbs may have a predicate genitive expressing any of the relations of the attributive genitive (841). Thus, τίνος ἐστὶν ὁ ἵππος; who owns the horse? ὁ Χάλος ἐστὶ τὸ εὖρος πλέθρου, the Chalus is one hundred feet broad, ἦν δὲ καὶ οὗτος τῶν Μίλητον πολιορκούντων, he too was one of these who were besieging Miletus.
356. VOCABULARY.
| δέω, δεήσω etc., | lack, want, need; mid., lack, desire,request; δεῖ, used impersonally, there is need, it is proper, one ought. |
| ἐπ-αινέω, ἐπ-αινέσω etc., | praise. |
| ἕτερος, ᾱ, ον | the other, one of two; without the art., another, other. |
| ἥδομαι, ἡσθήσομαι, ἥσθην | be glad, be pleased. |
| Μένων, ωνος, ὁ | Menon. |
| ποῖος, ᾱ, ον | interr. pron., of what sort? Lat. quᾱlis. |
| τόσος, η, ον | interr. pron., how much? Lat. quantus. |
| τφενδονήτης, ου, ὁ (cf. σφενδόνη) | slinger. |
| τίς, τί | interr. pron., who? which? what? |
| τὶς, τὶ | encl. indef. pron., a, some, any, a certain; as noun, somebody, anything. |
357. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. τοῦτο λέγει τις. |
| 2. τίς τοῦτο λέγει; |
| 3. λέγουσι δέ τινες ὅτι Κῦρος ἥσθη. |
| 4. ἦν δέ τις ἐν τῇ στρατιᾷ Μένων Θετταλός. |
| 5. καὶ ἐρωτᾷ τὸν σφενδονήτην πόσον ἀργύριον ἔχει. |
| 6. ἐὰν νῑκῶσι, τί1 δεῖ αὐτοὺς λύειν τὴν γέφῡραν; |
| 7. ἐν ποίοις πράγμασιν ἦσαν οἱ Ἕλληνες; |
| 8. ἐρωτᾷ τίνος2 ἐστὶν ὁ ἵππος. |
| 9. Κῦρος ἔπαισεν ἄνδρα Πέρσην καὶ ἕτερόν τινα τῶν ἡγεμόνων. |
| 10. ἐρωτᾷ τὸν ἄγγελον τίς ἐπαινεῖ τοὺς Μένωνος στρατιώτᾱς. |
NOTES. —1 Adverbial accusative, why? (835). —2 Predicate genitive of possession (843).—3 πρός with accusative.
359. Cyrus is greatly pleased and himeself crosses the Euphrates.
οἱ δὲ Μένωνος στρατιῶται ἐπεὶ ταῦτ᾿ ἤκουσαν, πείθονται
καὶ διαβαίνουσι τὸν ποταμὸν πρὶν τοὺς ἄλλους λέγειν
τί ποιήσουσι. Κῦρος δὲ ἥσθη τε καὶ τῷ στρατεύματι
δι᾿ ἀγγέλου ἔλεξεν· “Ἐγὼ μέν, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἤδη ὑμᾶς
NOTES. —2. πρὶν . . . λέγειν: before the rest said. —5. ἐμέ: me, accusative. See the notes on 278, 1 and 3. —7. πέμψαι: to have sent, aorist active infinitive. —8. εἵπετο: for the augment, see 871, 5. —9. αὐτῷ: cf. 352, 2.
