LESSON XIV: Adjectives of the Vowel Declension.
Declension of ἀγαθός, good, and of ἄξιος
worthy
126. Learn the declension of ἀγαθός, good, and of ἄξιος,worthy.
| ἀγαθός, good |
|---|
| Masculine Nominative Singular | ἀγαθός |
| Masculine Genitive Singular | ἀγαθοῦ |
| Masculine Dative Singular | ἀγαθῷ |
| Masculine Accusative Singular | ἀγαθόν |
| Masculine Vocative Singular | ἀγαθέ |
| Masculine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀγαθώ |
| Masculine Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀγαθοῖν |
| Masculine Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἀγαθοί |
| Masculine Genitive Plural | ἀγαθῶν |
| Masculine Dative Plural | ἀγαθοῖς |
| Masculine Accusative Plural | ἀγαθούς |
| ἀγαθός, good |
|---|
| Feminine Nominative Singular | ἀγαθή |
| Feminine Genitive Singular | ἀγαθῆς |
| Feminine Dative Singular | ἀγαθῇ |
| Feminine Accusative Singular | ἀγαθήν |
| Feminine Vocative Singular | ἀγαθή |
| Feminine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀγαθά |
| Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀγαθαῖν |
| Feminine Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἀγαθαί |
| Feminine Genitive Plural | ἀγαθῶν |
| Feminine Dative Plural | ἀγαθαῖς |
| Feminine Accusative Plural | ἀγαθάς |
| ἀγαθός, good |
|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | ἀγαθόν |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | ἀγαθοῦ |
| Neuter Dative Singular | ἀγαθῷ |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | ἀγαθόν |
| Neuter Vocative Singular | ἀγαθόν |
| Neuter Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀγαθώ |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀγαθοῖν |
| Neuter Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἀγαθά |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | ἀγαθῶν |
| Neuter Dative Plural | ἀγαθοῖς |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | ἀγαθά |
| ἄξιος,worthy, |
|---|
| Masculine Nominative Singular | ἄξιος |
| Masculine Genitive Singular | ἀξίου |
| Masculine Dative Singular | ἀξίῳ |
| Masculine Accusative Singular | ἄξιον |
| Masculine Vocative Singular | ἄξιε |
| Masculine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀξίω |
| Masculine Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀξίοιν |
| Masculine Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἄξιοι |
| Masculine Genitive Plural | ἀξίων |
| Masculine Dative Plural | ἀξίοις |
| Masculine Accusative Plural | ἀξίους |
| ἄξιος,worthy, |
|---|
| Feminine Nominative Singular | ἀξίᾱ |
| Feminine Genitive Singular | ἀξίᾱς |
| Feminine Dative Singular | ἀξίᾳ |
| Feminine Accusative Singular | ἀξίᾱν |
| Feminine Vocative Singular | ἀξίᾱ |
| Feminine Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀξίᾱ |
| Feminine Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀξίαιν |
| Feminine Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἄξιαι |
| Feminine Genitive Plural | ἀξίων |
| Feminine Dative Plural | ἀξίαις |
| Feminine Accusative Plural | ἀξίᾱς |
| ἄξιος,worthy, |
|---|
| Neuter Nominative Singular | ἄξιον |
| Neuter Genitive Singular | ἀξίου |
| Neuter Dative Singular | ἀξίῳ |
| Neuter Accusative Singular | ἄξιον |
| Neuter Vocative Singular | ἄξιον |
| Neuter Nominative Accusative and Vocative Dual | ἀξίω |
| Neuter Genitive and Dative Dual | ἀξίοιν |
| Neuter Nominative and Vocative Plural | ἄξια |
| Neuter Genitive Plural | ἀξίων |
| Neuter Dative Plural | ἀξίοις |
| Neuter Accusative Plural | ἄξια |
The Formation of Vowel Declension Adjectives
127. The masculine and neuter of these adjectives follow
the O-Declension, the feminine the A-Declension. They are,
therefore, said to be the Vowel Declension (34).
128. If ε, ι, or ρ precedes ος, the nominative singular
feminine ends in ᾱ, otherwise in η (37).
129. The nominative, genitive, and vocative plural feminine follow the
accent of the masculine, as ἄξιαι (following the accent of ἄξιος, like ἄξιοι),
not ἀξίαι (from the nominative singular ἀξίᾱ), and ἀξίων, not ἀξιῶν as in
nouns of the A-Declension.
130. Some adjectives of the Vowel Declension have the
masculine and feminine alike, as ἄπορος, ἄπορος, ἄπορον,
impassable, impracticable.
131. VOCABULARY.
| ἄγριος, ᾱ, ον | wild. |
| ἄξιος, ᾱ, ον | worthy, becoming, right. |
| ἄπορος, ον | without resources, impassable, impracticable. |
| Ἀρταξέρξης, ου, ὁ | Artaxerxes II. |
| ἐπιτήδειος, ᾱ, ον | suitable, fit, deserving; τὰ ἐπιτήδεια, provisions, supplies. |
| ὄνος, ου, ὁ | ass. |
| ὄρθιος, ᾱ, ον | steep. |
| παίω, παίσω, ἔπαισα, πέπαικα | strike, hit, beat. |
| πάνυ | adv., very, altogether, wholly. |
| πιστός, ή, όν | faithful, trustworthy. |
| φίλιος, ᾱ, ον | friendly. |
132. READ ALOUD AND TRANSLATE:
| 1. ὄνοι ἄγριοι καὶ ἵπποι ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ ἦσαν. |
| 2. ὁ Εὐφράτης ποταμὸς ἄπορος ἦν. |
| 3. ἡ δὲ ὁδὸς στενὴ ἦν καὶ ὀρθίᾱ. |
| 4. ἕξομεν δέ, ὦ Κῦρε, τὰ ἐπιτήδεια; |
| 5. ὁ Ἀρταξέρξης τῷ ἀδελφῷ πολέμιος ἦν. |
| 6. διὰ φιλίᾱς ἀρχῆς ἄξει ὁ σατράπης τοὺς στρατιώτᾱς. |
| 7. τὴν πολεμίᾱν χώρᾱν Δᾱρεῖος διηρπάκει. |
| 8. ὥστε τῷ Ἀρταξέρξῃ πάνυ πολέμιος ἦν, Κύρῳ δὲ πιστός. |
| 9. οὐκ ἄξιον ἦν (it was not right) τῷ ὁπλίτῃ παίειν τὸν Περσικὸν τοξότην. |
| 10. οἱ Πέρσαι οὔτε φίλιοι οὔτε πιστοὶ ἦσαν. |
134. Artaxerxes becomes King and arrests Cyrus.
Κῦρος οὖν σατράπης ἦν τῆς Λῡδίᾱς καὶ τῆς Φρυγίᾱς
καὶ τῆς Καππαδοκίᾱς. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐτελεύτησε Δᾱρεῖος, Ἀρταξέρξης
ὁ τοῦ Κύρου ἀδελφὸς ἐβασίλευσε τῶν Περσῶν,
καὶ Τισσαφέρνης διαβάλλει τὸν Κῦρον πρὸς τὸν ἀδελφὸν
ὡς ἐπιβουλεύει αὐτῷ. ὁ δ᾿ Ἀρταξέρξης συλλαμβάνει
Κῦρον.
NOTES. —1. οὖν: then, continuing the narrative. —2. ἐπεί: when.—
ἐτελεύτησε: from τελευτάω, die, τελευτήσω, ἐτελεύτησα. Translate by the
English pluperfect, had died.—3. ἐβασίλευσε: the aorist sometimes has an
inceptive force, as βασιλεύω, be king, ἐβασίλευσα, became king.—Περσῶν:
the genitive after a verb signifyingto rule (847).—4. διαβάλλει : historical
present. For the meaning of all words not given in the previous vocabularies,
see the general vocabulary.—5. ὡς: that. For ὡς ἐπιβουλεύει
(literally, that he is plotting) we should say, of plotting.
REVIEW AND PRACTICE:
